1Table of Contents
1.1List of Tables
1.2List of Figures
2Introduction to Renewable Energy Policy
2.1Overview of Renewable Energy Sources
2.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Global, Overview
2.3Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Global, Major Policy Measures
2.3.1Feed-in Tariff Program
2.3.2Renewable Portfolio Standards
2.3.3Tradable Renewable Energy Certificates Systems
2.3.4Capital Subsidies, Grants and Rebates
2.3.5Energy Production Payments and Investments and Other Tax Credits
2.3.6Tax Rebates
2.3.7Net Metering
2.3.8Public Investment Loans
2.4Report Guidance
3Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Europe
3.1Renewable Energy Market, Overview
3.2Renewable Energy Targets
3.3Renewable Energy Support Policies Comparison
3.4Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Action Plans
3.4.1National Renewable Energy Action Plan
3.4.2National Energy Efficiency Action Plans
4Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Germany
4.1Renewable Energy Market, Germany, Overview
4.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Germany, Major Policies and Incentives
4.2.1Germany Renewable Energy, Targets
4.2.2Renewable Energy Sources Act
4.2.3Market Premium
4.2.4Federal Building Codes for Renewable Energy Production
4.2.5Integrated Climate Change and Energy Program
4.2.6Renewable Energy Heat Act
4.2.7Combined Heat and Power Law
4.2.8Sixth Energy Research Program
4.2.9Law on Energy and Climate Fund
4.2.10Market Incentive Program
4.2.11KfW Renewable Energy Program
4.2.12KfW Energy Turnaround Financing Initiative
4.2.13Renewable Energy Surcharge
4.3Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar Power, Germany
4.3.1Feed-in Tariffs for Solar PV under EEG
4.4Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind Power, Germany
4.4.1Feed-in Tariff for Wind under EEG
4.4.2Repowering Policy
4.4.3Support for Offshore Development
4.4.4KfW Program for Offshore Wind Energy
4.5Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Geothermal Power, Germany
4.5.1Feed-in Tariff for Geothermal
4.6Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Hydropower, Germany
4.6.1Feed-in Tariff for Hydropower under EEG
4.7Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Bioenergy, Germany
4.7.1Premium Tariff for Biogas Plants
4.7.2Feed-in Tariff for Bioenergy under EEG
4.8Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, Germany
4.8.1KfW Energy-Efficient Refurbishment Program
4.8.2KfW Energy-Efficient Construction
4.8.3KfW Energy Efficiency Program
4.8.4KfW Energy Efficient Refurbishment – Construction Supervision
4.8.5KfW SME Energy Efficiency Advice
5Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Spain
5.1Renewable Energy Market, Spain, Overview
5.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Spain, Major Policies and Incentives
5.2.1Spain Renewable Energy, Targets
5.2.2Legislation Enacted in 2012 and 2013
5.2.3Sustainable Economy Act
5.2.4Feed-in Tariffs for Renewable Power
5.2.5Tax Regulation Mechanisms
5.3Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar Power, Spain
5.4Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind Power, Spain
5.4.1Mandatory Local Content Requirement
5.4.2Grid Connection of Small Wind Turbines
5.4.3Offshore Wind Power Regulations
5.4.4Offshore Wind Power Demonstration Projects
5.5Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Bioenergy, Spain
5.6Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, Spain
5.6.1Technical Building Code
5.6.2Energy Saving and Efficiency Action Plan 2011–2020
6Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Italy
6.1Renewable Energy Market, Italy, Overview
6.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Italy, Major Policies and Incentives
6.2.1Italy Renewable Energy, Targets
6.2.2Promotion of Energy from Renewable Sources – Decree for Implementing EU Directive 2009/28/EC
6.2.3Introduction of Green Certificates System
6.2.4Feed-in Tariff I
6.2.5Feed-in Tariff II
6.2.6Premium Tariff I
6.2.7Premium Tariff II
6.2.8Net Metering
6.2.9Tenders
6.2.10Reduction in Value Added Tax
6.2.11Reduction in Real Estate Tax
6.3Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar Power, Italy
6.3.1Feed-in Tariff for Solar Power
6.3.2New Subsidy Scheme for Solar Thermal Power, 2013
6.4Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind Power, Italy
6.4.1Feed-in Tariffs for Wind Power
6.5Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Geothermal Power, Italy
6.5.1Feed-in Tariffs
6.6Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Hydropower, Italy
6.6.1Feed-in Tariffs
6.7Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Bioenergy, Italy
6.7.1Feed-in Tariffs for Biopower
6.7.2Loans to Biomass Projects
6.7.3Biodiesel Aid Scheme
6.7.4National Plan for Biofuels and Biomass
6.8Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, Italy
6.8.1Climate Change Action Plan
6.8.2National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
6.8.3Funding for Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy and Bike-Sharing
6.8.4Kyoto Fund
6.8.5Promotion of High Efficiency Cogeneration
7Renewable Energy Policy Framework, France
7.1Renewable Energy Market, France, Overview
7.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, France, Major Policies and Incentives
7.2.1France Renewable Energy, Targets
7.2.2Electricity Act 2000
7.2.3Grenelle Environmental Plan
7.2.4Renewable Energy Feed-in Tariffs
7.2.5Tenders
7.2.6Contribution to Public Electricity Service Tax
7.2.7Tax Credit
7.2.8Reduction in VAT for Renewable Energy Projects
7.2.9Heat Fund
7.2.10Guarantee Fund Investments Energy Management
7.2.11Investment Fund for Environment and Energy Management
7.2.12National Strategy for Research and Development in the Field of Energy
7.3Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar Power, France
7.3.1Feed-in Tariffs for Solar PV
7.4Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind Power, France
7.4.1Feed-in Tariffs for Wind Power
7.4.2Wind Development Zone
7.4.3Offshore Wind Tender
7.5Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Geothermal Power, France
7.5.1Feed-in Tariffs for Geothermal Power
7.6Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Hydropower, France
7.6.1Feed-in Tariff for Hydropower
7.6.2Renewal of Hydroelectric Concessions
7.7Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Bioenergy, France
7.7.1Feed-in Tariffs for Biomass Power
7.8Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, France
7.8.1White Certificate Trading
7.8.2Reduction in VAT for Home Renovation
7.8.3Zero Percent Interest Green Loan
8Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Austria
8.1Renewable Energy Market, Austria, Overview
8.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Austria, Major Policies and Incentives
8.2.1Austria Renewable Energy, Targets
8.2.2Green Electricity Act
8.2.3Klima: Aktiv Program
8.2.4Bilateral Partnerships
8.2.5The Climate and Energy Fund
8.2.6Combined Heat and Power Law
8.2.7Feed-in Tariffs
8.3Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar Power, Austria
8.3.1Feed-in Tariff for Solar Power
8.3.2Investment Subsidies
8.4Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind Power, Austria
8.4.1Feed-in Tariff
8.4.2Green Electricity Act – Wind Power Target
8.5Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Geothermal Power, Austria
8.5.1Feed-in Tariff
8.5.2Investment Subsidies
8.6Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Hydropower, Austria
8.6.1Feed-in Tariff
8.6.2Investment Subsidy
8.7Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Bioenergy, Austria
8.7.1Feed-in Tariff for Biopower
8.7.2Five-Point Action Plan for Natural Gas and Biogas
8.7.3Financial Incentives for Rural Biomass Energy Generation
8.7.4Quota Obligation for Biofuels
8.7.5Tax Advantage on Biofuels
8.8Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, Austria
8.8.1Energy Efficiency Action Plan
8.8.2Federal Promotion of Extraordinary Efficiency in Buildings
8.8.3Energy Efficiency in Industry
8.8.4Third-Party Financing for Efficiency Investment
9Renewable Energy Framework, Netherlands
9.1Renewable Energy Market, Netherlands, Overview
9.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Netherlands, Major Policies and Incentives
9.2.1Netherlands Renewable Energy, Targets
9.2.2Sustainable Energy Production
9.2.3SDE+
9.2.4Net Metering
9.2.5Guarantees of Origin
9.2.6Green Fund Scheme
9.2.7Energy Investment Allowance
9.2.8Environmental Investment Allowance
9.2.9Random Depreciation of Environmental Investments Scheme
9.2.10Environmental Protection Tax
9.3Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar Power, Netherlands
9.3.1Subsidy
9.4Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind Power, Netherlands
9.4.1Green Deal
9.4.2FLOW Program
9.4.3North Seas Countries' Offshore Grid Initiative
9.5Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Bioenergy, Netherlands
9.6Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, Netherlands
9.6.1Energy Performance Advice
9.6.2Energy Performance Standard for New Buildings
10Renewable Energy Framework, Norway
10.1Renewable Energy Market, Norway, Overview
10.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Norway, Major Policies and Incentives
10.2.1Norway Renewable Energy, Targets
10.2.2Renewable Quota Obligation
10.2.3Norway-Sweden Green Certificate Scheme
10.2.4Enova SF
10.2.5CO2 Tax
10.2.6Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership
10.2.7Clean Energy for the Future Program, 2004–2012
10.2.8ENERGIX Program, 2013–2022
10.2.9Implementation of EU Renewable Energy Directive
10.2.10Energi21 – Research and Development Strategy for the Energy Sector
10.2.11White Paper on National Climate Policy
10.2.12EU Seventh Framework Program for Research
10.3Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind Power, Norway
10.3.1Wind Farm Concessions
10.3.2Enova’s Wind Power Program
10.3.3Offshore Energy Act
10.4Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Hydropower, Norway
10.4.1The Strategy for Small-Scale Hydropower Strategy
10.5Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Bioenergy, Norway
10.5.1Bioenergy Strategy
10.6Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, Norway
10.6.1Implementation of EU Directives on Energy Efficiency
10.6.2Automobile Fuel Economy
10.6.3Incentives for Low-Energy Housing
11Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Poland
11.1Renewable Energy Market, Poland, Overview
11.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Poland, Major Policies and Incentives
11.2.1Poland Renewable Energy, Targets
11.2.2Energy Law Act
11.2.3Polish Energy Policy 2030
11.2.4Green Investment Scheme
11.2.5Red Certificate System
11.2.6Quota Obligation/Green Certificates
11.2.7Exemption from Consumption Tax
11.2.8National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
11.2.9National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management
11.2.10EU Structural and Cohesion Funds
11.2.11Renewable Energy Sources Act
11.3Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar Power, Poland
11.4Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind Power, Poland
11.4.1Financing of Wind Energy Projects
11.5Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Hydropower, Poland
11.6Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Bioenergy, Poland
11.6.1Quota System/Green Certificates
11.6.2Long-Term Project for Promotion of Biofuel or Other Renewable Fuels 2008–2014
11.6.3Directions of Development for Agricultural Biogas Plants in Poland 2010–2020
11.7Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, Poland
11.7.1Energy Efficiency Act
11.7.2Poland Sustainable Energy Financing Facility
11.7.3Energy Efficient Housing Subsidy Scheme 2013
12Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Sweden
12.1Renewable Energy Market, Sweden, Overview
12.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Sweden, Major Policies and Incentives
12.2.1Sweden Renewable Energy, Targets
12.2.2Energy Policy Program
12.2.3Sustainable Energy and Climate Policy
12.2.4Green Certificate Scheme
12.2.5Norway-Sweden Green Certificate Scheme
12.2.6Energy Tax and Carbon Tax
12.3Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar Power, Sweden
12.3.1Solar Aid
12.3.2Support for Solar Heating Investment
12.4Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind Power, Sweden
12.4.1Support for Technical Development
12.4.2Energy Tax Reduction
12.4.3Reduced Real Estate Tax
12.4.4Vindforsk Research Program
12.4.5Vindval Capacity Building Program
12.5Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Hydropower, Sweden
12.5.1Hydropower Quota System
12.6Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Bioenergy, Sweden
12.6.1Vehicle Taxation
12.6.2Vehicle Ethanol Conversion Regulation
12.6.3Fossil Fuel Blending
12.6.4Electricity Certificates Scheme
12.7Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, Sweden
12.7.1Sustainable Municipalities Program
12.7.2Program for Improving Energy Efficiency in Energy-Intensive Industries
12.7.3Government Subsidies for Local Energy Efficiency Measures
12.7.4Energy Efficiency Measures for Government Authorities
12.7.5Building Energy Performance Certificates
13Renewable Energy Policy Framework, UK
13.1Renewable Energy Market, UK, Overview
13.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, UK, Major Policies and Incentives
13.2.1UK Renewable Energy, Targets
13.2.2Climate Change and Sustainable Energy Act
13.2.3Climate Change Act
13.2.4Energy Act 2004
13.2.5Energy Act 2008
13.2.6Planning and Energy Act 2008
13.2.7Renewable Energy Strategy 2009
13.2.8Renewable Energy Guarantees of Origin
13.2.9Renewable Obligation Order
13.2.10Feed-in Tariff
13.2.11Climate Change Levy
13.2.12Environmental Transformation Fund
13.2.13Energy White Paper, 2011
13.2.14Renewable Energy Roadmap, 2011
13.3Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Solar Power, UK
13.3.1Feed-in Tariff
13.3.2New Renewable Obligation Scheme
13.4Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Wind Power, UK
13.4.1Feed-in Tariff
13.4.2Offshore Wind Cost Reduction Task Force
13.4.3The Offshore Transmission Owner Initiative
13.5Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Geothermal Power, UK
13.5.1Renewable Obligation, Geothermal
13.6Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Hydropower, UK
13.6.1Feed-in Tariff
13.6.2Renewable Obligation, Hydro
13.7Financial Incentives and Policy Support for Bioenergy, UK
13.7.1Feed-in Tariff
13.7.2Bioenergy Infrastructure Scheme
13.7.3Bioenergy Capital Grants Scheme
13.8Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, UK
13.8.1Energy Efficiency Action Plan
13.8.2Low Carbon Transition Plan
13.8.3Low Carbon Industrial Strategy
13.8.4Reduced Value Added Tax for Energy-Saving Materials
13.8.5Enhanced Capital Allowances
13.8.6Carbon Reduction Commitment Energy Efficiency Scheme
14Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Turkey
14.1Renewable Energy Market, Turkey, Overview
14.2Renewable Energy Policy Framework, Turkey, Major Policies and Incentives
14.2.1Targets
14.2.2Use of Renewable Energy Resources for the Generation of Electrical Energy (Law No. 5346)
14.2.3Law on Geothermal Resources and Natural Mineral Water (Geothermal Law)
14.2.4Strategic Plan 2010–2014
14.2.5Renewable Energy Law, 2010
14.2.6Climate Investment Funds
14.3Policy Support for Biofuel, Turkey
14.4Policy Support for Energy Efficiency, Turkey
14.4.1Energy Efficiency Law, 2007 (Law No. 5627)
14.4.2Support Scheme for Energy Efficiency in Industry
14.4.3Improving Energy Efficiency in Building Sector
14.4.4Improving Energy Efficiency in All Sectors
15Appendix
15.1Market Definitions
15.1.1Power
15.1.2Installed Capacity
15.1.3Electricity Generation
15.1.4Electricity Consumption
15.1.5Coal-Fired Power Plant
15.1.6Solar Power
15.1.7Renewable Energy Resources
15.2Abbreviations
15.3Sources
15.4Methodology
15.4.1Coverage
15.4.2Secondary Research
15.5Disclaimer
